लेखक : डा. सुर्य पराजुली र हिरा के सी
kl/ro
d'vsf] ;/;kmfO{ ;Dk"0f{ z/L/s} ;/;kmfO{sf] Ps
efu ePsf]n] o;nfO{ z/L/sf] ;/;kmfO{af6 cnu ug{ ldNb}g . bfFt dfem\g'
eg]sf] z/L/sf] cGo ;/;kmfOx? d'v w'g], skfn sf]g]{, gË sf6\g] h:t} xf] .
d'v :j:y /fVg lbgsf] slDtdf b'O{ kN6– laxfg vfhf jf vfgf vfO;s]kl5 / /flt ;'Tbf
cl3 bfFt dfem\g' kb{5 . dflg;sf] hLjgdf b'O{ ;d"xsf bfFtx? x'G5g\–
klxnf] b'w] bfFt -Primary_/ of] ;fl6P/ cfpg] :yfoL-Permanent_
bfFt . b'w] bfFtx? ^ dlxgfb]lv # jif{sf] jLrdf pd|G5g\ / hDdf @) j6f
x'G5g\ . :yfoL bfFt hGd]kl5 a9\g
;'? ub{5g\ . b'w] bfFtx?n] :yfoL bfFtsf] :yfg cf]u6]/ /fv]sf x'G5g\ / b'w]
bfFt em/] kl5 ^–& jif{sf] pd]/df oL d'vdf pd|g yfNb5g\ / !*–@% jif{sf]
pd]/df ;j} :yfoL bfFtx? pld|G5g\ . :yfoL bfFtx? hDdf #@ j6f x'G5g\ .
zf/Ll/s jf :jf:Yo ;DalGw ;d:of ePsfx? h:t}– bGt
n]s lgoGq0fdf sdL, pRr /Strfk, pbfl;gtf jf dfgl;s /f]u ;DaGwL cf}ifwL vfg]
lj/fdLx?df d'v ;'Vvf eP/ . afysf] /f]u ePsfx? .cfjZostf eGbf nfdf]
;do;Dd cfdfsf] b'w lkpg] jf lrgL ePsf u'lnof] k]o kbfy{ lkpg] -ljz]if ul/ /flt_
;fgf afnaflnsfx? .
ˆnf]/fO8 gePsf] kfgL kLpg] jf km\nf]/fO8 gePsf]
d~hg k|of]u ug]{x? .
ev{/} pd|b} u/]sf bfFtx?df sL/f nfUg] vt/f a9L
x'G5 lsgeg] oL bfFtx? c? bfFtsf] rkfpg] ;txeGbf tn x'G5g\ / bfFt dfFem\bf
5'6\g ;S5g\ . To;sf/0f & jif{ pd]/ d'lgsf bfFt dfem\g cleefjssf]
;xfotfsf] cfjZos kb{5 .
o;af6 x'g ;Sg] hl6n vt/fx?
bfFtdf k6sk6s sL/fnfUg], bfFtsf] uLhfF /ftf] ;'lGgPsf] / luhfaf6 /ut cfpg] eO{ cf]7,
luhf, lha|f], lha|f] d'lgsf] efu / d'vsf] cGo efux?df cgfjZos sf]if / tGt'x?sf]
clgolGqt j[l4 x'g uO{ d'vsf] SofG;/ klg x'g ;S5 . bfFtdf sL/f nfUg' tyf
uLhf ;'lGgg uO{ /ftf] x'g], b'Vg] tyf /ut cfpg] / tL ls6f0f'x? /utsf] dfWodaf6
z/L/sf] cGo efudf km}ng uO{ dxTjk"0f{ c+ux?nfO{ klg Iflt k'¥ofpg
;Sb5 . h:t} M
d6'sf] /f]u ,kIf3ft ,dw'd]x ,Zjf;k|Zjf;
k|0ffnL;+u ;DalGwt ;d:of h:t} M Go"df]lgof .
ue{jtL dlxnfnfO{ klg olb bfFt, uLhfF tyf d'v
jl/k/Lsf] s'g} klg ;d:of 5 eg] aRrf hGdg' ;do k'Ug' cufl8 hlGdg' ;Sb5 .
/f]syfdsf pkfox?
xfd|f] p2]Zo ;d:of eO{ ;s] kl5 pkrf/ ug{ eGbf
;d:of x'g glbg xf] . olb bfFt sL/fn] vfg], uLhf ;'lGgg], /ut cfpg] tyf 3fp
vl6/f cfpg] d'v ;DjlGw s'g} klg ;d:of 5 eg]
t'?Gt bGt k/LIf0f u/fpg' kb{5 . To; afx]s xfdLn] xfd|f] hLjgofkg,
vfgkfgdf lgDg lnlvt pkfox? ckgfpg ;Sof} eg] of] ;d:ofaf6 aRg ;lsG5 .
kf]if0f / vfg]s'/f
bfFt :j:y /fVg vfg]s'/fsf] 7"nf] e"ldsf
x'G5 . SoflN;od / kmf]:kmf]/; h:tf vlgh kbfy{x? bfFt a9\b} ubf{ / bfFt
alnof] agfpgsf nflu geO{ x'Fb}g . b'w / b'waf6 ag]sf vfBkbfy{x? , c08f Pj+
k|fs[lts vfg]s'/fx? h:t} M kmnkm'n / tfhf xl/of t/sf/Lx?n] bfFt dfq xf]Og
;Dk"0f{ z/L/g} :j:y /fVgdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 . bfFtdf sL/f nfUgaf6
arfpg u'lnof] vfg]s'/f bfFtdf 6fFl;g] vfg]s'/f jf u'lnof] / lkmFh cfpg] k]osf]
dfqf / k6s b'j} sd ug'{sf ;fy} o:tf vfg]s'/f vfO{ ;s]kl5 bfFt dfem\g'k5{ gq
s'Nnf dfq eP klg ug'{kb{5 . t/
lkmFh cfpg] k]o vfPkl5 cfwf 306f;Dd a'?zn] bfFt df‰g' x'Fb}g vfnL s'Nnf dfq
ug'{kb{5 .ue{jtL dlxnfx?n] cfkm' :jo+ / k]6df /x]sf] aRrfnfO{ :j:y /fVgsf
nflu uef{j:yfsf] !@ xKtf k'u]kl5 jf rf}yf] dlxgfsf] lzz'sf] bfFt / x8\8Lsf]
ljsf;sf] nflu SoflN;od / kmf]:kmf]/; d"n vfg]s'/fx? vfg' kb{5 .
km\nf]/fO8 d~hgsf] k|of]u
km\nf]/fO8 Ps vlgh kbfy{ xf] h'g k|fs[lts ?kdf
kTy/, df6f], lrof, kfgL / ;d'b|L df5f cflbdf kfOG5 . yf]/} dfqfdf k|foM
;j} vfg]s'/fx?df klg kfOG5 . dfgj hfltdf bfFtsf] aflx/L ;txdf kfOg] of] Ps
k|fs[lts tTj xf] . xfn} u/]sf] ;j]{If0f cg';f/ g]kfnsf] kfgLdf cfjZos eGbf
klg sd dfqfdf km\nf]/fO8 ePsf] tYo k'li6 ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ef}uf]lns
jgfj6sf] sf/0f oxfFsf] kfgLdf k|fs[lts ?kd} ˆnf]/fO8 w]/} x'g'k5{ eGg] hgljZjf; unt xf] . t;y{ g]kfnsf]
;Gbe{df km\nf]/fO8 kfpg] dfWod eg]sf] km\nf]/fO8 o'Qm d~hgsf] k|of]u ug'{ g}
xf] . km\nf]/fO8 o'Qm d~hgn] lbgdf b'O{
k6s bfFt dfFem\g' kb{5 / bfFt dfFem\bf g/d tyf dWod vfnsf] a|; k|of]u
ug'{ kb{5 . Jojl:yt tl/sfn] bfFt dfem\g] afgL a;fNg'k5{ . bfFt df‰bf
dflyNnf] bfof s'gfaf6 ;'? u/]/ dflyNnf afoflt/ d'gL tNnf] afFof x'Fb} tNnf]
bfFofs'gfsf bfFtx? qmd};+u dfFem\b} hfg'k5{ . klxnf bfFtsf] aflx/L ;tx dfem\g'kb{5 , To;kl5
bfFtsf] leqL clg rkfpg] ;tx dfem\g'kb{5 . o;/L dfly tn, bfofF, afFof
;j}lt/ dflem;s]kl5 d~hgsf] lkmh ;j} ;'Sg'kb{5 jf ;se/ yf]/} kfgLn] s'Nnf
ug'{k5{ . o;f] ugf{n] d~hgdf e/]sf] km\nf]/fO8 nfdf] ;do;Dd /xG5 / bfFt
alnof] agfpgdf d2t k'U5 .
uef{j:yfsf] klxnf] tLg dlxgfdf jfsjfsL nfUg] jf pN6L x'g] ;d:ofsf] sf/0f bfFtx?
lvOg] ;d:of x'g;S5 . t;y{ o:tf]
;d:of ePsf dlxnfx?n] jfsjfsL nfu]sf] jf pN6L ePsf] x/]s k6s ;kmf kfgLn]
s'Nnf ug'{kb{5 .
cfdfx?n]
cfkm\gf afn–aflnsfx?sf] bfFt dfFlemlbg' k5{ . gjhft lzz'x?df d'vdf
xflgsf/s ls6f0f'x? x'Fb}gg\ . kl5 cfdfn] DjfO vfFbf jf vfg]s'/fx? rfv]/
jf rkfP/ v'jfpFbf cfdfaf6 cfkm\gf lzz'df ls6f0f'x? ;g{ ;S5g\ . To;}n] bfFt
pd|g yfn]b]lv g} lzz'x?sf] bfFt dfem\g yfNg'kb{5 . afnaflnsfx? ^–&
jif{ d'lgsf] eP jf cfkm} bfFt dfem\g
;Sg] geP;Dd cleefjssf] lg/LIf0fdf bfFt dfem\g l;sfpg] / ;3fpg] ug'{k5{ .
JolQmut cflg–afgL jf nt
kfg, v}gL, ;'kf/L, w'd|kfg h:tf nt :jf:Yosf] nflu
xflgsf/s 5g\ . o:tf afgLx?n] d'vsf] SofG;/ h:tf] 8/ nfUg] /f]u klg nfUg
;S5 . To;}n] o:tf afgLx? sd ug'{k5{ jf 5f]8\g' k5{ .
lgoldt d'vsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f
lgoldt d'vsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ugf{n] ;d:ofx? ;dod}
yfxf kfpg ;lsG5 / pkrf/ ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5 . bfFtdf sL/f nfu]/ Kjfn k/]df ,
luhfaf6 /ut cfPdf jf d'vdf s'g} klg ;d:of ePdf t'?Gt} bGt lrlsT;s jf
:jf:YosdL{;+u hrfO{xfNg'k5{ . ;d:of 7"nf] / kL8fbfoL x'~h]n;Dd kv{g'
x'Fb}g .j[4fj:Yffdf vfgfdf kl/jt{g, ;/;kmfO{df sdL, cf}ifwLsf] k|of]u ,
¥ofn sd cfpg], h:tf sf/0fx?n] ubf{ bfFtdf k6s–k6s sL/f nfUg] / bfFtsf] h/fdf g}
sL/f nfUg uO{ luhf ;DjGwL ;d:of b]lvg ;S5 . oL ;j} ;d:ofsf] nflu lgoldt
?kdf d'vsf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug'{ k5{ .
;f+/fz
c? cËx?sf] :jf:Yo k|lt tkfO{ hlt hfu?s x'g'x'G5
Tolt g} d'v tyf bGt :jf:Yosf] hfu?stf klg cfjZos b]lvG5 .
