© डा सूर्य पराजुली
k[i7e"ld
sl/a # dlxgfcl3 h'nfO{ * tfl/vdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfnnfO{
a8{km\n' d'Qm /fi6« 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] t/ ut cS6f]a/ !% tfl/vsf lbg eQmk'/ af]8]–#
df k'gM a8{km\n' ePsf] k/LIf0faf6 kQf nflu;s]sf] 5 . PSsf;L sl/a !$ ;o s'v'/fx?
d/]sf lyP . /f]u kQf nfu]kl5 & ;o *) s'v'/fx?, ^ af]/f hlt s'v'/fsf] nflu
NofOPsf] bfgf / sl/a ! ;o %% Sof/]6 c08f klg gi6 ul/of] . g]kfndf ;j{k|yd @))(
hgj/L !^ tfl/vsf lbg klxnf]k6s emfkfsf] sfFs8le§fdf a8{km\n' k|dfl0ft ePsf]
lyof] . To;a]nf g]r'/n Sofnfldlt l/lnkm PS6 @)#( cg';f/ ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ul/Psf
lyP . ;g\ @)!) cS6f]a/ @* tfl/vlt/ klg gf/fo0f3f6 lrtjgdf a8{km\n' ePsf]
k|dfl0ft ul/Psf] lyof] . @)!! gf]e]Da/ #) tfl/vsf lbg dWok'/ l7dLdf klg a8{km\n' ePsf]
lyof] eg] ;f]xL ;fnsf] l8;]Da/ @ tfl/vdf nf]sGynLdf a8{km\n'n] cftª\s dRrfPsf] lyof]
. eQmk'/sf sl/a @@ j6f ljBfnox? aGb ul/Psf lyP . s'v'/fsf] Jofkf/df lu/fj6
cfPsf] lyof] . ;/sf/n] pQm 7fp“nfO{ pRr ;ts{tfdf /f]v]sf] lyof] . ;g\ @)!@ k]ma|'c/L ^ b]lv k]ma|'c/L
!% ;Dd t ;'g;/L, emfkf, Onfdnufot lhNnfdf a8{km\n' cftª\s g} dlRrPsf] lyof] .
emfkfsf] ch'{gwf/f, rf/kfg] / ky/L, ;'g;/Lsf O6x/L, vgf/, g/l;+x–* nufot Onfddf
Ps} h;f] ;dodf a8{km\n' k'li6 ePsf] lyof] . ;g\ @)!@ dfr{ !^ df :joDe"
8Nn'df a8{km\n' k'li6 x'Fbf sf7df8f}+ cftª\lst ag]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL dlxgfsf]
dfr{ @! tfl/vlt/ nlntk'/ e}+;]kf6Ldf klg a8{km\n' k|dfl0ft x'Fbf hghLjg q:t
aGb} uPsf] lyof] . o;/L sf7df8f}+ pkTosfsf ;a} lhNnfx? Pskl5 csf{] ub{}
a8{km\n' ;+qmldt aGb} uPsf lyP . dfr{ @^ tfl/vdf c3f{vfFrLdf klg a8{km\n'
/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fOof] . s]xL ;docl3 ;Kt/Lsf] kmQ]k'/df klg PSsf;L s'v'/fx?
d/]sf lyP . h'g a8{km\n' geO{ s'v'/fdf nfUg] ;Lcf/8Lsf] sf/0f lyof] . clxn]
k'gM eQmk'/sf] af]8]df ;+qmd0f k'li6 eO;s]sf] 5 . ;'g;/L lhNnf klg sf]zL6Kk'l:yt
r/f If]qsf sf/0f pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf] lhNnf xf] .
ljZjsf] Oltxf;
;g\ @))# lt/ Plzofel/ a8{km\n' k}mlnPsf] lyof] . ;g\ @))% df
of] o'/f]k x'Fb} clk|msflt/ k}mlnPsf] kfOG5 . rLgn] ;g\ @)!@ hgj/L @@ sf lbg a8{k\mn'sf
sf/0f bf];|f] JolQmsf] d[To' ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyof] . o;cl3 g} rLgsf]
k"jL{ efudf @& jif]{ Ps dlxnfsf] ;g\ @))( hgj/L !* tfl/vdf d[To' eO;s]sf]
lyof] . ;g\ !(*& df klxnf]k6s Pr kmfOe Pg jfg gfds
;+qmd0f k}mlnPsf] lyof] . ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gsf
cg';f/ ;g\ @)!@ cui6 !) tfl/v;Dddf Pr kmfOe Pg jfg gfds
sf sf/0f ;+;f/e/ # ;o %( hgf dflg;x?sf] d[To' eO;s]sf] 5 eg] o;aLrdf s}of}+
nfv r/fr'?ª\uL
gi6 eO;s]sf] 5 .
kl/ro
a8{km\n' k+IfLx?df nfUg] 3fts clt ;+qmfds ;?jf /f]u xf] . o;nfO{
xfOnL Kofof]h]lgs Pleog OGk\mn'PGhf klg eGg] ul/G5 . of] /f]u Pr kmfOe Pg jfg
gfds ljiff0f'sf] ;+qmd0faf6 nfUg] ub{5 . OGkm\n'PGhf ljiff0f'n] cfk\mgf] :j?k lg/Gt/
abln/xFbf o;sf] ;+qmd0f klg km/s–km/s tl/sfn] x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . lrlsT;sLo
efiffdf o;nfO{ h]g]l6s l;k\m6 / h]g]l6s l8«k\m6 klg elgG5 . o; Pleog OGk\mn'PGhf
efO/;sf w]/} k|sf/x? kfOP klg H5N1, H7N7, H7N3 / H9N2 n] dflg;nfO{ uDeL/
c;/ kfg{] ub{5 . Pr kmfOe
Pg jfg efO/; k+IfLx?df Psbd rfF8f] ;g{ ;Sg] / @–# lbgleq s'v'/fx? ()–!)) k|ltzt} dg{ ;Sb5g\ . xfF; k/]jf tyf cGo h+unL k+IfLx?df efO/; ;+qmd0f eP klg oL la/fdL gkg{ ;Sb5g\ t/ c? k+IfLx?nfO{ efO/; eg] ;fg{ ;Sb5g\ .
/f]u ;g{] k|lqmof
k+IfLx?df o;n] dxfdf/Lsf] ?k lnFb} cfPsf] kfOG5 t/ dfgj ;d'bfodf
kmf§k'm§ ?kdf b]lvg eg] 5f]8]sf] 5}g . /f]u nfu]sf s'v'/f, xfF;, tLqf, k/]jf k+IfLx?;Fu
c;fjwfgL ;fy / k|ToIf ?kdf ;Dks{df cfpg] JolQmx? h:tf] sf6\g], e'TNofpg] /
af]Sg]x? / s'v'/f r/f;Fu v]Ng] aRrfdf ;g{] ;Defjgf a9L x'G5 . cg';Gwfgstf{x?sf
cg';f/ ljiff0f' k+IfLsf] ¥ofn, lji6f cflbdf sl/a Ps xKtf;Dd /xg ;Sb5 . h]
xf];\, yf]/} ;'nL, ¥ofn cflbdf /x]sf ljiff0f'x?n] nfvf}+ s'v'/fx?df Psk6s
;+qmd0f ug{ ;Sb5g\ . /f]uL k+IfLn] vf]Sbf glhs /x]sf c? k+IfLnfO{ efO/; ;g{
;Sb5 . ;'nL tfl;Psf j:t'x? h:t}M c08f, c08fsf] s]6, bfgfsf af]/f, kmfd{df hfg]
JolQmsf h'Qf, n'uf xft, ;jf/L ;fwgsf rSsfx? /f]u k}mnfpg] dfWodx? x'g ;Sb5g\ .
xfdLn] obfsbf b]v]s} xf}+ ls s'v'/fx?sf] cf];f/–k;f/ s;/L ul/G5 . df;'sf] Jofkf/
s;/L ul/G5 . oL s'/fx?df ;'wf/ gu/]df a8{k\mn'sf] lzsf/ x'g klg ;Sb5f}+ . ;+qmldt
s'v'/fx? kvflnPsf] kfgLdf /x]sf ljiff0f'x? l;w} vfg]kfgLsf ;|f]tx?df ldl;g k'Ugfn] o;af6
;+qmd0f a9\g klg ;Sb5 . hª\unL r/fx? d/]sf] b]v]df To;sf] plrt Joj:yfkg gubf{
;g{] sf/0f aGg ;Sb5g\ .
s'v'/fdf b]lvg] nIf0f tyf
lrx\gx?
cs:dft / c:jfefljs ?kdf Ps}k6s s'v'/fx? d/]df ;]tf] lji6f
ug{], vfg g;Sg], ¥ofn
sf9]df, vf]s]df 6fpsf] ;'lGgg], l;p/, nf]tL gLnf] /ª\usf]
ePdf kIf3ft ePdf, s'v'/fsf] j[l4 ljsf; / c08f pTkfbg sdL ePdf oL a8{k\mn'sf
nIf0f tyf lrx\gx? x'g ;Sb5g\ .
dflg;df b]lvg] nIf0f tyf lrx\gx?
#* l8u|L ;]G6Lu|]8eGbf a9L Hj/f] cfpg], ysfg dx;'; x'g],
;'Vvf vf]sL nfUg], df+;k]zL b'Vg], 3fF6L b'Vg] z'?sf] cj:yfdf b]lvG5g\ . kl5
uP/ kmf]S;f]df c;/ kf/L Zjf; k]mg{ ufx|f] x'g], :jfF:jfF x'g], lgdf]lgof x'g] nufot l;hP
eP/ dflg;sf] d[To' x'g ;S5 .
pkrf/ k|lqmof
hg:jf:Yosf] b[li6sf]0fn] of] Ps ;fdflhs, cfly{s ;d:of klg xf] . of] /f]u nfUbf cs:dft 7"nf] ;+Vofdf nfUg] x'Fbf ;a}
If]qsf] ;xsfo{ cfjZos 5 . ;+qmldt z+sf ul/Psf k+IfLx?nfO{ cfjZos k|lqmof k"/f u/L
5'6\ofpg] / k"0f{ ?kdf gi6 kfg{] ul/G5 . k+IfLhGo ;fdu|L c08f, rf/f] cflbnfO{ gi6 kfg{] ug'{
kb{5 . k+IfL kmd{x?nfO{ cfjZos ;/;kmfO ug'{kb{5 . ;+qmldt 7fpFnfO{ d'Vo s]Gb| agfP/ To;sf] rf/}lt/ ;+qmd0f eP–gePsf] olsg ul/G5 .dflg;sf xsdf ;+qmldt dflg;nfO{ 5'§} /fv]/ pkrf/ k|lqmof z'?
ug'{kb{5 . la/fdLnfO{ cf/fd u/fpg], pkrf/ ug{] JolQmn] cfjZos ;fjwfgL h:tf] ljz]if
k|sf/sf] Unf]A;, dfS; / pks/0fx?sf] k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . nIf0f tyf lrx\gx?sf]
cfwf/df pkrf/ ub}{ hfg'kb{5 . 6\ofldk\mn'gfds cf}iflwsf] k|of]u ug'{kb{5 .
a8{k\mn'af6 s'v'/fnfO{ a“rfpg] pkfox?
xfF; / s'v'/fnfO{ cnucnu vf]/df kfNg'kb{5 . h+unL r/fx?;Fu
3/kfn'jf k+IfLnfO{ ;Dks{ x'gaf6 /f]Sg] pkfox? cjnDag ug'{kb{5 . a8{k\mn' ;+qmldt
b]zaf6 hLljt k+IfLhGo kbfy{ ck|zf]lwt df;', c08f / bfgf cfoft ug'{ x'Fb}g .
la/fdL s'v'/fnfO{ cGo k+IfL;Fu ;Dks{df cfpg lbg' x'Fb}g . kmfd{leq k:bf /
lg:sFbf ;fa'g kfgLn] /fd|/L xft w'g] ug'{kb{5 . s'g} z+sf nfu]df t'?Gt ;DalGwt
lgsfodf va/ ug'{kb{5 .
a“Rg] pkfox?
k+IfLx?nfO{ dflg; ;Fu;Fu} gkfn]/ cln 6f9f Jojl:yt tl/sfn]
plrt tj/af6 kmfNg'kb{5 .la/fdL jf d/]df kIfLx?nfO{ gfª\uf] xftn] grnfpg] jf
Knfli6s xftdf nufP/dfq 5'g] ug'{kb{5 . s'v'/fsf] vf]/df sfd u/]kl5 ;fa'g–kfgLn] xftv'§f ;kmf;Fu
w'g'kb{5 . afnaflnsfx?nfO{ k+IfL;Fu v]Ng lbg' x'Fb}g . s'v'/f tyf df;' sf6\g] sfd
;lsPkl5 ;fa'g–kfgLn] /fd|f];Fu xft w'g'kb{5 . df;' sf6]kl5 sf6\g tyf /fVg
k|of]u ul/g] ;fdfgnfO{ ;kmf;Fu ;fa'g–kfgLn] w'g'kb{5 . c08fsf leqL efu ;fx|f]
x'g] cj:yf;Dd /fd|/L pdfn]/dfq k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . d/]sf s'v'/f tyf cGo k+IfLsf] df;'
k|of]u ug'{ x'Fb}g .
vf]k tyf cf}iflw
a8{k\mn'sf] nflu cfk\mg} EoflS;gsf] ljsf; x'g] qmddf ljZj
:jf:Yo ;+u7gsf] l;kmfl/;cg';f/ PlG6efO/n cf}iflw 6\ofdL k\mn' k|efjsf/L 5, h'g
cf}iflw k|of]uzfnfdf k|dfl0ft ePsf la/fdLnfO{ dfq k|of]u ug'{kb{5 . c? l;hgn OGkm\n'PGhfsf]
nflu k|of]u ul/g] EoflS;gn] a8{k\mn'nfO{ sfd ub}{g .
s'v'/f tyf cGo k+lIfx?sf]
df;'
k|of]u
ug{] ls gug{]
ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gsf cg';f/ s'g} klg k+IfLhGo df;', c08f
cflbnfO{ e08f/0f ug{] 7fpF
;kmf /fVg'sf ;fy} pko'Qm tl/sfn] ksfP/ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
a8{k\mn' efO/; Pr kmfOe Pg jfg tfkqmddf gi6 x'g] ljz]iftf af]s]sf] efO/; xf] . t;y{,
&) l8u|L ;]G6Lu|]8
tfkqmddf ksfPkl5 of] vfg ;lsG5 . df;' g} vfP/ /f]u ;g]{eGbf
klg xfdLn] d/]sf k+IfLsf] df;' k|of]u u¥of}+, hyfefjL ;Dks{df cfof}+ eg] dflg;
klg o;sf] lzsf/ aGg ;Sb5 .dflg;af6 dflg;df ;g{]
k|lqmof a8{k\mn' Pr kmfOe Pg
jfg dflg;af6 dflg;d} ;l/g;s]sf] eP klg oxL ?kdf of ?k kl/jt{g u/L ;g{ ;Sg]
cj:yf eg] /xG5 . xfdLnfO{ yfxf ePs} xf] ls ljutdf o:tf] k|sf/sf OGk\mn'PGhfsf
sf/0f nfvf}+ dflg;sf] d[To' eO;s]sf] 5 .
;f/f+z
clxn] a8{k\mn' klg g]kfnsf] Pp6f hNbf]aNbf] ;d:ofsf] ?kdf 5 .
o;nfO{ yk k}mlng glbg cem k|efjsf/L :jf:Yo ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ub}{ n}hfg'kb{5 .
hgr]tgf clej[l4sf sfdx? Jofks ?kdf ;~rfng ug'{kb{5 . c:ktfn tyf :jf:Yo ;+:yfnfO{
pRr ;t{stfdf /fVg'kb{5 . pko'Qm ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug'{kg{] ePsf] 5 . cGTodf,
bz}+ nflu;s]sf] 5 . tkfO{+ xfd|f] j/k/ /x]sf s'v'/f sf6\g] 7fpFx? slt ;kmf 5g\,
tL s'v'/fx?
sxfFaf6 NofOPsf x'g\ clg To;nfO{ ;kmf ug{] k|lqmof s:tf] 5 .
;f]+Rg} kb{5 / tkfO{+–xfdL ;a} ldn]/ cfk}+maf6 a8{k\mn' d'Qm ;dfh lgdf{0fsf
nflu kxn u¥of}+ eg] bz}+sf] ;Rrf z'esfdgf 7xl/g] 5 .
